Quran 9:3 - Surah At-Tawbah (The Day of Great Hajj 9AH)

9:3

وَأَذَٰنٌۭ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلنَّاسِ يَوْمَ ٱلْحَجِّ ٱلْأَكْبَرِ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَرِىٓءٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ۙ وَرَسُولُهُۥ ۚ فَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌۭ لَّكُمْ ۖ وَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِى ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ ٣

A declaration from Allah and His Messenger ˹is made˺ to all people on the day of the greater pilgrimage[1] that Allah and His Messenger are free of the polytheists. So if you ˹pagans˺ repent, it will be better for you. But if you turn away, then know that you will have no escape from Allah. And give good news ˹O Prophet˺ to the disbelievers of a painful punishment.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran

[1] The 10th of Ⱬul-Ḥijjah, a significant day in the greater pilgrimage (ḥajj). The lesser pilgrimage is known as ’umrah.

 A secret call arose in the heart of Allah's Messenger telling him that his stay in the world was about to end. That was clear in his conversation to Muadh RA whom he dispatched to Yemen in the 10th AH. "O Muadh! You may not see me after this year. You may even pass by this very Masjid of mine and my grave" 

Upon hearing that, Muadh RA cried for fear that he would part with Allah's Messenger SAWS. 

Therefore, Allah's Messenger announced his intention for the HAJJ. 

 "Then when you leave Arafat, remember Allah at the Masha'aril-Haram" Quran 2:198

Arafat lies 22 km east of Makkah